Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice 5 1 2016 01 01 Antibiotic resistance patterns of microorganisms isolated from nephrology and kidney transplant wards of a referral academic hospital 43 51 30258 EN . Atieh Samanipour Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran . Simin Dashti-Khavidaki Nephrology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Center of Excellence in Nephrology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran . Mohammad-Reza Abbasi Nephrology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Center of Excellence in Nephrology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran . Alireza Abdollahi Department of Pathology, Vali‑e‑Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2023 03 28 Objective: Antibiotic use pattern and emergence of resistant bacteria are major <br />concerns in clinical settings. This study aimed to detect common bacteria and their <br />antibiotic sensitivity patterns in nephrology and kidney transplant wards.<br />Methods: This 1‑year, observational study was performed in the nephrology and <br />kidney transplant wards of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran. All patients <br />treated with antimicrobial agents for confirmed or suspected infections were included. <br />Their demographic, clinical, and laboratory data (including biological media used for <br />microbial culture, growth organisms, and antibiograms) were collected. Adherence of <br />antimicrobial regimen to standard guidelines was also assessed.<br />Findings: About half of the patients received antibiotic. The most common infecting <br />bacteria were Escherichia coli followed by Enterococcus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus.<br />E. coli showed high rate of sensitivity to carbapenems and nitrofurantoin and high rate <br />of resistance to co‑trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin. Enterococcus sp. in both wards had <br />high rate of resistance to ampicillin and were all sensitive to linezolid. Unlike to the <br />nephrology ward, more than 50% of Enterococcus sp. from kidney transplant ward <br />was resistant to vancomycin. The most common type of S. aureus in this nephrology <br />ward was methicillin‑resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Most commonly‑prescribed <br />antibiotics were carbapenems followed by vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. <br />Antibiotic regimens were 75% and 83%, 85% and 91%, and 80% and 87% compatible <br />with international guidelines in antibiotic types, dosages, and treatment durations, <br />respectively, in nephrology and kidney transplant wards, respectively.<br />Conclusion: MRSA, fluoroquinolone‑resistant E. coli, and vancomycin resistant <br />Enterococcus species are major threats in nephrology and kidney transplant wards. <br />Most commonly‑prescribed antibiotics were carbapenems that necessitate providing <br />internal guidelines by the teamwork of clinical pharmacist, infectious disease specialists, <br />and nephrologists to avoid the widespread use of broad‑spectrum antibiotics.<br /><br /> https://jrpp.mui.ac.ir/article_30258_5ce7df80a9e32ee366f578e7ad3d290a.pdf